The rpy2 package is a namespace package. This is the part of that package that covers the "low-level" interface to R used in rpy2. This provides mappings to access R's C-API and utilities to do so safely. It is otherwise relatively easily to crash (segfault) a process by calling R's C-API. This "low-level" is used by the higher-level (more Pythonic) interface rpy2.robjects and the extentions for ipython and jupyter notebooks in rpy2.ipython. It can also be used to implement alternative higher level interfaces, and with care be used in situation where a minimal interface or maximum performance is wanted.